Circular Reasoning
Type: Informal — Presumption Also Known As: Begging the question, circular logic, vicious circle
Definition
The conclusion is included in the premise; the argument assumes what it tries to prove.
Form
[Standard logical form to be added]
Examples
Example 1
The Bible is true because God wrote it. We know God exists because the Bible says so.
Example 2
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Example 3
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Example 4
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Why It Persuades
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How to Counter
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Related Concepts
References
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Part of the Convergence Protocol — Clear thinking for complex times.